Rhinoscleroma in a 9-year old boy: Rare case report.

Rhinoscleroma is a rare benign granulomatous disease in children, the pathogen of which is Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. Rhinoscleroma almost always affects the respiratory tract, the nasal cavities are the most common site, but can also be found over the entire extent of the respiratory tree, clinically the patient often presents with nasal obstruction with other non-specific signs, Histology is the basis of the diagnosis of rhinoscleroma. Early and appropriate medical treatment improves the prognosis and prevents progression to disabling sequelae. We present the case of a 9-year-old child who presented to the pediatric emergency department with a 2-month history of nasal obstruction unresponsive to medical treatment (Oxymetazoline). This was accompanied by mild nasal swelling and intermittent episodes of epistaxis. A CT scan of the paranasal sinuses was performed, ruling out a malignant tumor in the nasal cavity due to the absence of bone lysis. A nasal cavity biopsy with histopathological examination was conducted, confirming the diagnosis of rhinoscleroma. This was supported by the presence of an infiltrate rich in histiocytes and plasma cells, along with the identification of Russell bodies during PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff) staining. The patient underwent a medical treatment regimen involving a sulfamide-based antibiotic therapy (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) for 8 weeks, along with a short-term corticosteroid therapy at a dose of 1 mg/kg/24 hours. At the first follow-up after 1 month, there was a noticeable reduction in nasal swelling and an improvement in nasal obstruction. A second follow-up 3 months later showed favorable results, with complete disappearance of both the swelling and nasal obstruction. Considering the possibility of recurrence, an annual follow-up was decided upon.

Fetus In Fetu With Myelomeningocele.

Fetus in fetu is an uncommon medical anomaly characterized by the presence of a malformed fetus within the body of a living twin. Although the retroperitoneum is the most typical location, occurrences in the sacrococcygeal and dorsolumbar regions are rare. Ongoing debates center around its embryopathogenesis, debating whether it is a highly specialized teratoma or a result of parasitic twinning in a monozygotic monochorionic diamniotic pregnancy. Notably, distinguishing factors such as vertebral bodies and limbs are pivotal in discerning FIF from teratomas. Diagnostic imaging techniques are integral for preoperative diagnosis, with histopathological examination confirming the condition's presence.

Superinfected and Ruptured Occipital Meningocele: Case Report.

Meningocele is a rare congenital malformation of the central nervous system resulting from a herniation of the meninges containing cerebrospinal fluid through a bony defect in the skull. It is part of neural tube closure anomalies. The overall incidence of meningocele is 0.8 to 3 per 10 000 live births; it varies based on geographical location and race, with a predominance of occipital localization. Among diagnostic methods, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remain crucial examinations. Prenatal diagnosis of this malformation primarily relies on ultrasound and screening through maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. They typically manifest very early at birth with a highly suggestive radioclinical presentation. Surgical treatment usually allows for a definitive cure. Superinfection and rupture of the meningocele are exceptional, resulting from delayed diagnosis and management. In several developed countries, prevention through genetic counseling and the intake of folic acid during the periconceptional period, along with accurate prenatal diagnosis and the legalization of therapeutic abortion, has led to a decrease in the prevalence of meningoceles. In less developed countries, where there is a delay in diagnosis in exceptional cases, superinfection and rupture may occur. We present the case of an 8-month-old infant with a complicated occipital meningocele with superinfection and rupture.

Hydatid cyst of the liver invading the inferior vena cava.

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation due to the development of Echinococcus granulosus in the organism. This disease is particularly frequent in Morocco where echinococcosis is endemic. The liver is the most common organ to be affected by hydatidosis, and several complications have been described. Vascular complications secondary to hepatic echinococcosis such as fistulization or rupture of hydatid liver cysts to the inferior vena cava (IVC) are an extremely rare and life-threatening condition. This report aims to describe a case of invasion of the IVC by a hydatid cyst of the liver resulting in portal hypertension in a 60-year-old female patient. The diagnosis was established in the preoperative phase by a CT scan. IVC invasion remains an infrequent complication that should be routinely looked for in patients with hydatid disease of the liver, and few cases have been reported in the literature to date.

Metastatic pulmonary synovial sarcoma: A double coincidence: Case report.

Synovial sarcomas are considered as one of the most aggressive neoplasms that account for approximately 8% of all soft tissue sarcomas; they are mainly localized in soft tissues of the extremities and joints and rarely occur in the thorax. In this case report, we describe a 34-year-old woman presenting a chest pain with a chest radiography showing a mass lesion occupying two-thirds of the right hemi-thorax. A malignant pulmonary tumor was suspected after CT imaging revealing a bilateral renal metastasis, and then a spindle-cell carcinoma was thought-about. The post-operative pathological analysis of the main mass confirmed the diagnosis of a pulmonary synovial sarcoma.